CTD²: Cancer Target Discovery and Development

The Cancer Target Discovery and Development (CTD2) Network, a functional genomics initiative, bridges the gap between cancer genomics and biology. The Network aims to understand how tumor heterogeneity leads to drug resistance in order to develop optimal combinations of chemotherapy or small molecules in combination with immunotherapy. 

Banner for CTD squared program. Links to CTD squared program page
Last updated: January 03, 2019

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Graphical abstract from Wu et al, 2018.
CTD²
December 26, 2018

Visualizing and Interpreting Single-Cell Gene Expression Datasets with Similarity Weighted Nonnegative Embedding.

High-throughput single-cell gene expression profiling has enabled the definition of new cell types and developmental trajectories. Visualizing these datasets is crucial to biological interpretation, and a popular method is t-stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), which visualizes local patterns...

Cancer Immunotherapy
CTD²
December 24, 2018

APOBEC-related mutagenesis and neo-peptide hydrophobicity: implications for response to immunotherapy

Tumor-associated neo-antigens are mutated peptides that allow the immune system to recognize the affected cell as foreign. Cells carrying excessive mutation load often develop mechanisms of tolerance. PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint immunotherapy is a highly promising approach to overcome these protective...

Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
CTD²
December 21, 2018

Identification of ADAR1 adenosine deaminase dependency in a subset of cancer cells.

Systematic exploration of cancer cell vulnerabilities can inform the development of novel cancer therapeutics. Here, through analysis of genome-scale loss-of-function datasets, we identify adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR or ADAR1) as an essential gene for the survival of a subset of...

Leukemia (AML)
CTD²
December 17, 2018

Two myeloid leukemia cases with rare FLT3 fusions.

Genetic rearrangements involving FLT3 are rare and only recently have been detected in myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms associated with eosinophilia (MLN-eos) and chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Here we report two cases with FLT3 fusions in patients demonstrating mixed features of...

Graphical abstract from Neal et al., 2018.
CTD²
December 13, 2018

Organoid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment.

In vitro cancer cultures, including three-dimensional organoids, typically contain exclusively neoplastic epithelium but require artificial reconstitution to recapitulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). The co-culture of primary tumor epithelia with endogenous, syngeneic tumor-infiltrating...

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